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Business email compromise (BEC)

Business email compromise (BEC) is a fraud in which an attacker impersonates an executive, employee, or vendor over email to trick a company into transferring money or data.

Updated 1 min read

How it works

BEC relies on a convincing identity, not malware. Attackers use a spoofed or lookalike domain, or a compromised mailbox, to send a payment-change request, a fake invoice, or an urgent transfer order that appears to come from someone trusted.

How it relates to brand impersonation

BEC is among the costliest forms of brand and executive impersonation. The lookalike sender domains it depends on are detectable, and removable, before they are used.

How nebty helps

Our BEC guide covers detection and prevention, and nebty monitors for the lookalike domains used in these attacks so you can take them down before the first fraudulent email goes out.

The controls that stop BEC

BEC succeeds by exploiting process, not technology, so the defences are mostly procedural. The strongest is a verification step for any change to payment details or any unusual transfer: a callback to a number you already have on file, never one supplied in the request itself. Separate the person who can approve a payment from the person who can change a vendor bank account, so one compromised mailbox cannot do both. Flag external email clearly so a spoofed internal sender stands out. Train finance and HR specifically, since they are the usual targets. On the technical side, enforce DMARC so your exact domain cannot be spoofed, which pushes attackers onto lookalike domains instead, and those are what monitoring catches. Our BEC guide details the full checklist.

Recovering funds after a successful BEC is rare, so the money is best protected before it moves; the verification habit costs seconds and saves the transfer.

Executive impersonation is impersonating a company’s leaders, such as the CEO, CFO, or founders, to abuse their authority, typically to authorize fraudulent payments or extract sensitive information.

Impersonation

Spear phishing is a targeted phishing attack tailored to a specific person or small group, using personal or organizational details to make the lure highly convincing.

Phishing & email

Email spoofing is forging the sender address of an email so it appears to come from a trusted domain. It is the technical basis for most phishing and BEC.

Phishing & email

Domain spoofing is faking a trusted domain, in a website URL or an email sender address, to make fraudulent content appear to come from a legitimate brand.

Domain abuse & monitoring

Whaling is a phishing attack aimed at senior executives, the most valuable targets, using highly tailored messages to trigger high-value actions like large wire transfers or the release of sensitive data.

Phishing & email

DMARC is an email authentication standard that tells receiving servers how to handle messages that fail SPF and DKIM checks, and reports who is sending mail using your domain. It is the main defence against email spoofing.

Phishing & email

Authorized push payment (APP) fraud is when a victim is tricked into authorizing a payment themselves to an account the fraudster controls, often after impersonation of a bank, supplier, or person.

Fintech

CEO fraud is a scam in which an attacker impersonates a company chief executive, usually by email, to order an urgent payment or data transfer that an employee carries out without checking.

Phishing & email
Free report

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Benedikt Scheungraber

Benedikt Scheungraber

Co-Founder & CEO

Questions about brand protection, or want to see nebty in action? I’m happy to walk you through it myself and talk openly about whether we can help with your case.